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tetris.py

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+# Tetromino (a Tetris clone)
+# By Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com
+# http://inventwithpython.com/pygame
+# Released under a "Simplified BSD" license
+
+import random
+import time
+import pygame
+import sys
+from pygame.locals import *
+
+FPS = 25
+WINDOWWIDTH = 640
+WINDOWZE = 20
+BOARHEIGHT = 480
+BOXSIDWIDTH = 10
+BOARDHEIGHT = 20
+BLANK = '.'
+
+MOVESIDEWAYSFREQ = 0.15
+MOVEDOWNFREQ = 0.1
+
+XMARGIN = int((WINDOWWIDTH - BOARDWIDTH * BOXSIZE) / 2)
+TOPMARGIN = WINDOWHEIGHT - (BOARDHEIGHT * BOXSIZE) - 5
+
+#               R    G    B
+WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
+GRAY = (185, 185, 185)
+BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
+RED = (155, 0, 0)
+LIGHTRED = (175, 20, 20)
+GREEN = (0, 155, 0)
+LIGHTGREEN = (20, 175, 20)
+BLUE = (0, 0, 155)
+LIGHTBLUE = (20, 20, 175)
+YELLOW = (155, 155, 0)
+LIGHTYELLOW = (175, 175, 20)
+
+BORDERCOLOR = BLUE
+BGCOLOR = BLACK
+TEXTCOLOR = WHITE
+TEXTSHADOWCOLOR = GRAY
+COLORS = (BLUE, GREEN, RED, YELLOW)
+LIGHTCOLORS = (LIGHTBLUE, LIGHTGREEN, LIGHTRED, LIGHTYELLOW)
+assert len(COLORS) == len(LIGHTCOLORS)  # each color must have light color
+
+TEMPLATEWIDTH = 5
+TEMPLATEHEIGHT = 5
+
+S_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
+                     '.....',
+                     '..OO.',
+                     '.OO..',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '..OO.',
+                     '...O.',
+                     '.....']]
+
+Z_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
+                     '.....',
+                     '.OO..',
+                     '..OO.',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.OO..',
+                     '.O...',
+                     '.....']]
+
+I_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['..O..',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '.....',
+                     'OOOO.',
+                     '.....',
+                     '.....']]
+
+O_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
+                     '.....',
+                     '.OO..',
+                     '.OO..',
+                     '.....']]
+
+J_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
+                     '.O...',
+                     '.OOO.',
+                     '.....',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '..OO.',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '.....',
+                     '.OOO.',
+                     '...O.',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.OO..',
+                     '.....']]
+
+L_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
+                     '...O.',
+                     '.OOO.',
+                     '.....',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '..OO.',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '.....',
+                     '.OOO.',
+                     '.O...',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '.OO..',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.....']]
+
+T_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.OOO.',
+                     '.....',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '..OO.',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '.....',
+                     '.OOO.',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.....'],
+                    ['.....',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.OO..',
+                     '..O..',
+                     '.....']]
+
+PIECES = {'S': S_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
+          'Z': Z_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
+          'J': J_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
+          'L': L_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
+          'I': I_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
+          'O': O_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
+          'T': T_SHAPE_TEMPLATE}
+
+
+def main():
+    global FPSCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, BASICFONT, BIGFONT
+    pygame.init()
+    FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
+    DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT))
+    BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 18)
+    BIGFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
+    pygame.display.set_caption('Tetromino')
+
+    showTextScreen('Tetromino')
+    while True:  # game loop
+        # if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
+        #    pygame.mixer.music.load('tetrisb.mid')
+        # else:
+        #    pygame.mixer.music.load('tetrisc.mid')
+        #pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)
+        runGame()
+        # pygame.mixer.music.stop()
+        showTextScreen('Game Over')
+
+
+def runGame():
+    # setup variables for the start of the game
+    board = getBlankBoard()
+    lastMoveDownTime = time.time()
+    lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()
+    lastFallTime = time.time()
+    movingDown = False  # note: there is no movingUp variable
+    movingLeft = False
+    movingRight = False
+    score = 0
+    level, fallFreq = calculateLevelAndFallFreq(score)
+
+    fallingPiece = getNewPiece()
+    nextPiece = getNewPiece()
+
+    while True:  # game loop
+        if fallingPiece == None:
+            # No falling piece in play, so start a new piece at the top
+            fallingPiece = nextPiece
+            nextPiece = getNewPiece()
+            lastFallTime = time.time()  # reset lastFallTime
+
+            if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece):
+                return  # can't fit a new piece on the board, so game over
+
+        checkForQuit()
+        for event in pygame.event.get():  # event handling loop
+            if event.type == KEYUP:
+                if (event.key == K_p):
+                    # Pausing the game
+                    DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
+                    pygame.mixer.music.stop()
+                    showTextScreen('Paused')  # pause until a key press
+                    pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)
+                    lastFallTime = time.time()
+                    lastMoveDownTime = time.time()
+                    lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()
+                elif (event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a):
+                    movingLeft = False
+                elif (event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d):
+                    movingRight = False
+                elif (event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s):
+                    movingDown = False
+
+            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
+                # moving the piece sideways
+                if (event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a) and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=-1):
+                    fallingPiece['x'] -= 1
+                    movingLeft = True
+                    movingRight = False
+                    lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()
+
+                elif (event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d) and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=1):
+                    fallingPiece['x'] += 1
+                    movingRight = True
+                    movingLeft = False
+                    lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()
+
+                # rotating the piece (if there is room to rotate)
+                elif (event.key == K_UP or event.key == K_w):
+                    fallingPiece['rotation'] = (
+                        fallingPiece['rotation'] + 1) % len(PIECES[fallingPiece['shape']])
+                    if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece):
+                        fallingPiece['rotation'] = (
+                            fallingPiece['rotation'] - 1) % len(PIECES[fallingPiece['shape']])
+                elif (event.key == K_q):  # rotate the other direction
+                    fallingPiece['rotation'] = (
+                        fallingPiece['rotation'] - 1) % len(PIECES[fallingPiece['shape']])
+                    if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece):
+                        fallingPiece['rotation'] = (
+                            fallingPiece['rotation'] + 1) % len(PIECES[fallingPiece['shape']])
+
+                # making the piece fall faster with the down key
+                elif (event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s):
+                    movingDown = True
+                    if isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=1):
+                        fallingPiece['y'] += 1
+                    lastMoveDownTime = time.time()
+
+                # move the current piece all the way down
+                elif event.key == K_SPACE:
+                    movingDown = False
+                    movingLeft = False
+                    movingRight = False
+                    for i in range(1, BOARDHEIGHT):
+                        if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=i):
+                            break
+                    fallingPiece['y'] += i - 1
+
+        # handle moving the piece because of user input
+        if (movingLeft or movingRight) and time.time() - lastMoveSidewaysTime > MOVESIDEWAYSFREQ:
+            if movingLeft and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=-1):
+                fallingPiece['x'] -= 1
+            elif movingRight and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=1):
+                fallingPiece['x'] += 1
+            lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()
+
+        if movingDown and time.time() - lastMoveDownTime > MOVEDOWNFREQ and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=1):
+            fallingPiece['y'] += 1
+            lastMoveDownTime = time.time()
+
+        # let the piece fall if it is time to fall
+        if time.time() - lastFallTime > fallFreq:
+            # see if the piece has landed
+            if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=1):
+                # falling piece has landed, set it on the board
+                addToBoard(board, fallingPiece)
+                score += removeCompleteLines(board)
+                level, fallFreq = calculateLevelAndFallFreq(score)
+                fallingPiece = None
+            else:
+                # piece did not land, just move the piece down
+                fallingPiece['y'] += 1
+                lastFallTime = time.time()
+
+        # drawing everything on the screen
+        DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
+        drawBoard(board)
+        drawStatus(score, level)
+        drawNextPiece(nextPiece)  # Here
+        if fallingPiece != None:
+            drawPiece(fallingPiece)
+
+        pygame.display.update()
+        FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS)
+
+
+def makeTextObjs(text, font, color):
+    surf = font.render(text, True, color)
+    return surf, surf.get_rect()
+
+
+def terminate():
+    pygame.quit()
+    sys.exit()
+
+
+def checkForKeyPress():
+    # Go through event queue looking for a KEYUP event.
+    # Grab KEYDOWN events to remove them from the event queue.
+    checkForQuit()
+
+    for event in pygame.event.get([KEYDOWN, KEYUP]):
+        if event.type == KEYDOWN:
+            continue
+        return event.key
+    return None
+
+
+def showTextScreen(text):
+    # This function displays large text in the
+    # center of the screen until a key is pressed.
+    # Draw the text drop shadow
+    titleSurf, titleRect = makeTextObjs(text, BIGFONT, TEXTSHADOWCOLOR)
+    titleRect.center = (int(WINDOWWIDTH / 2), int(WINDOWHEIGHT / 2))
+    DISPLAYSURF.blit(titleSurf, titleRect)
+
+    # Draw the text
+    titleSurf, titleRect = makeTextObjs(text, BIGFONT, TEXTCOLOR)
+    titleRect.center = (int(WINDOWWIDTH / 2) - 3, int(WINDOWHEIGHT / 2) - 3)
+    DISPLAYSURF.blit(titleSurf, titleRect)
+
+    # Draw the additional "Press a key to play." text.
+    pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect = makeTextObjs(
+        'Press a key to play.', BASICFONT, TEXTCOLOR)
+    pressKeyRect.center = (int(WINDOWWIDTH / 2), int(WINDOWHEIGHT / 2) + 100)
+    DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect)
+
+    while checkForKeyPress() == None:
+        pygame.display.update()
+        FPSCLOCK.tick()
+
+
+def checkForQuit():
+    for event in pygame.event.get(QUIT):  # get all the QUIT events
+        terminate()  # terminate if any QUIT events are present
+    for event in pygame.event.get(KEYUP):  # get all the KEYUP events
+        if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
+            terminate()  # terminate if the KEYUP event was for the Esc key
+        pygame.event.post(event)  # put the other KEYUP event objects back
+
+
+def calculateLevelAndFallFreq(score):
+    # Based on the score, return the level the player is on and
+    # how many seconds pass until a falling piece falls one space.
+    level = int(score / 10) + 1
+    fallFreq = 0.27 - (level * 0.02)
+    return level, fallFreq
+
+
+def getNewPiece():
+    # return a random new piece in a random rotation and color
+    shape = random.choice(list(PIECES.keys()))
+    newPiece = {'shape': shape,
+                'rotation': random.randint(0, len(PIECES[shape]) - 1),
+                'x': int(BOARDWIDTH / 2) - int(TEMPLATEWIDTH / 2),
+                'y': -2,  # start it above the board (i.e. less than 0)
+                'color': random.randint(0, len(COLORS) - 1)}
+    return newPiece
+
+
+def addToBoard(board, piece):
+    # fill in the board based on piece's location, shape, and rotation
+    for x in range(TEMPLATEWIDTH):
+        for y in range(TEMPLATEHEIGHT):
+            if PIECES[piece['shape']][piece['rotation']][y][x] != BLANK:
+                board[x + piece['x']][y + piece['y']] = piece['color']
+
+
+def getBlankBoard():
+    # create and return a new blank board data structure
+    board = []
+    for i in range(BOARDWIDTH):
+        board.append([BLANK] * BOARDHEIGHT)
+    return board
+
+
+def isOnBoard(x, y):
+    return x >= 0 and x < BOARDWIDTH and y < BOARDHEIGHT
+
+
+def isValidPosition(board, piece, adjX=0, adjY=0):
+    # Return True if the piece is within the board and not colliding
+    for x in range(TEMPLATEWIDTH):
+        for y in range(TEMPLATEHEIGHT):
+            isAboveBoard = y + piece['y'] + adjY < 0
+            if isAboveBoard or PIECES[piece['shape']][piece['rotation']][y][x] == BLANK:
+                continue
+            if not isOnBoard(x + piece['x'] + adjX, y + piece['y'] + adjY):
+                return False
+            if board[x + piece['x'] + adjX][y + piece['y'] + adjY] != BLANK:
+                return False
+    return True
+
+
+def isCompleteLine(board, y):
+    # Return True if the line filled with boxes with no gaps.
+    for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
+        if board[x][y] == BLANK:
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+def removeCompleteLines(board):
+    # Remove any completed lines on the board, move everything above them down, and return the number of complete lines.
+    numLinesRemoved = 0
+    y = BOARDHEIGHT - 1  # start y at the bottom of the board
+    while y >= 0:
+        if isCompleteLine(board, y):
+            # Remove the line and pull boxes down by one line.
+            for pullDownY in range(y, 0, -1):
+                for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
+                    board[x][pullDownY] = board[x][pullDownY - 1]
+            # Set very top line to blank.
+            for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
+                board[x][0] = BLANK
+            numLinesRemoved += 1
+            # Note on the next iteration of the loop, y is the same.
+            # This is so that if the line that was pulled down is also
+            # complete, it will be removed.
+        else:
+            y -= 1  # move on to check next row up
+    return numLinesRemoved
+
+
+def convertToPixelCoords(boxx, boxy):
+    # Convert the given xy coordinates of the board to xy
+    # coordinates of the location on the screen.
+    return (XMARGIN + (boxx * BOXSIZE)), (TOPMARGIN + (boxy * BOXSIZE))
+
+
+def drawBox(boxx, boxy, color, pixelx=None, pixely=None):
+    # draw a single box (each tetromino piece has four boxes)
+    # at xy coordinates on the board. Or, if pixelx & pixely
+    # are specified, draw to the pixel coordinates stored in
+    # pixelx & pixely (this is used for the "Next" piece).
+    if color == BLANK:
+        return
+    if pixelx == None and pixely == None:
+        pixelx, pixely = convertToPixelCoords(boxx, boxy)
+    pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, COLORS[color],
+                     (pixelx + 1, pixely + 1, BOXSIZE - 1, BOXSIZE - 1))
+    pygame.draw.rect(
+        DISPLAYSURF, LIGHTCOLORS[color], (pixelx + 1, pixely + 1, BOXSIZE - 4, BOXSIZE - 4))
+
+
+def drawBoard(board):
+    # draw the border around the board
+    pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, BORDERCOLOR, (XMARGIN - 3, TOPMARGIN - 7,
+                     (BOARDWIDTH * BOXSIZE) + 8, (BOARDHEIGHT * BOXSIZE) + 8), 5)
+
+    # fill the background of the board
+    pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, BGCOLOR, (XMARGIN, TOPMARGIN,
+                     BOXSIZE * BOARDWIDTH, BOXSIZE * BOARDHEIGHT))
+    # draw the individual boxes on the board
+    for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
+        for y in range(BOARDHEIGHT):
+            drawBox(x, y, board[x][y])
+
+
+def drawStatus(score, level):
+    # draw the score text
+    scoreSurf = BASICFONT.render('Score: %s' % score, True, TEXTCOLOR)
+    scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()
+    scoreRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 150, 20)
+    DISPLAYSURF.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect)
+
+    # draw the level text
+    levelSurf = BASICFONT.render('Level: %s' % level, True, TEXTCOLOR)
+    levelRect = levelSurf.get_rect()
+    levelRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 150, 50)
+    DISPLAYSURF.blit(levelSurf, levelRect)
+
+
+def drawPiece(piece, pixelx=None, pixely=None):
+    shapeToDraw = PIECES[piece['shape']][piece['rotation']]
+    if pixelx == None and pixely == None:
+        # if pixelx & pixely hasn't been specified, use the location stored in the piece data structure
+        pixelx, pixely = convertToPixelCoords(piece['x'], piece['y'])
+
+    # draw each of the boxes that make up the piece
+    for x in range(TEMPLATEWIDTH):
+        for y in range(TEMPLATEHEIGHT):
+            if shapeToDraw[y][x] != BLANK:
+                drawBox(None, None, piece['color'], pixelx
+                        + (x * BOXSIZE), pixely + (y * BOXSIZE))
+
+
+def drawNextPiece(piece):
+    # draw the "next" text
+    nextSurf = BASICFONT.render('Next:', True, TEXTCOLOR)
+    nextRect = nextSurf.get_rect()
+    nextRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 120, 80)
+    DISPLAYSURF.blit(nextSurf, nextRect)
+    # draw the "next" piece
+    drawPiece(piece, pixelx=WINDOWWIDTH - 120, pixely=100)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()